Science thrives on debate, and epilepsy surgery is no exception. Should surgery be considered earlier in treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy, or only after exhaustive medical trials? How do we balance the risks of resection against the promise of neuromodulation therapies? What ethical considerations arise when operating on children with severe epilepsy? These are just some of the controversies that continue to shape the field. This blog post examines these debates in detail, presenting multiple perspectives from leading experts. While disagreements may seem divisive, they are in fact essential to progress. By challenging assumptions and exploring alternatives, clinicians refine their approaches and improve patient care. EPISURG 2026 will provide a platform for these discussions, with interactive panels and live case debates designed to spark dialogue. Readers will come away with a deeper appreciation of how controversy fuels innovation and ultimately benefits patients.